N2 six local composition models of the thermodynamic behaviour of mixtures are described. This has resulted in the refrigeration properties of chlorine free hfcs, being. R125 1,1,1,2,2pentafluoroethane, r 125, freon 125, khladon 125, fc125, genetron hfc 125, suva 125, is a refrigerant that has zero ozone depletion potential. This paper focuses on the r452b compositions measured during cooling mode testing while conducting various leak tests and compares them to r452b compositional requirements to classify under ashrae 34. Qinghe industrial zone,gaoqing county,zibo city,shandong province,china. Nonazeotropic refrigerant composition of co2, r125, r. Aug 22, 2000 a nonazeotropic refrigerant composition as claimed in claim 3comprising from 2 to 10% by weight co.
R125 refrigerant is a main building block for blended refrigerants used as replacements for r502 and. Compositional fractionation studies of r410a alternative. The refrigerant mixture of r290r600, r152ar125r32 and r32r4a were found to be the most proper replacement refrigerant among the alternatives. It was non poisonous, easy and cheap to manufacture, and stable. Air conditioners transfer heat while circulating refrigerant between the indoor and outdoor units. Micro gas chromatography, refrigerant analysis, product quality abstract the importance of refrigerant composition analysis became clear when contaminated and counterfeit refrigerant 1,1,1,2tetrafluorethane r4a appeared on the market. Further information can be found in the latest version of. Encouraging results are obtained, at a certain concentration of r125 in mixtures, the r125r600a refrigerant blends.
This paper deals with a thermodynamic analysis of a vapor compression refrigeration system with the new refrigerant r125 r600a blends, parameters and factors affecting the performance are investigated, and also a comparison with that of r22 is presented. It is a longterm solution to replace r22, without the need for changes to equipment and system. Nonazeotropic refrigerant composition of co2, r125, r143a. Your new online msds binder is a place for you to store the material safety data sheets you need to deploy. Although it has zero ozone depletion potential, it has high global warming potential, reported by the united states environmental protection agency epa as 3450 times that of carbon dioxide. The thermal conductivities for pure r32, r125 and r4a along two nearcritical isotherms are plotted in fig. Performance of mixture refrigerant r152ar125r32 in domestic. Pdf selection of environmentfriendly refrigerants and the current. The refrigerant mixture of r290r600, r152a r125 r32 and r32r4a were found to be the most proper replacement refrigerant among the alternatives. The following tables show the percentage composition of refrigerant blends found acceptable acceptablethis designation means that a substitute may be used, without restriction, to replace the relevant ods within the enduse specified. Most refrigerants undergo phase changes during heat absorptionevaporationand heat releasingcondensation. Since the crossover equations of state used for the calculation of all thermodynamic quantities for pure r32, r125 and r4a do not. Global refrigerant r125 market 2017 industry research report.
Compositions, gwps and temperature glide of the r410a and r452b. Thermophysical properties of hcfc alternatives final report 1 april 1994 31 october 1996 w. Relative deviations of the calculated thermal conductivities from the experimental values beyond the critical region are shown in fig. The symbols indicate experimental data and the curves represent values calculated with the crossover model. Vaporliquid equilibria for r22, r4a, r125, and r32125. Composition analysis of contaminated and counterfeit. Refrigerant is the media fluid used for heat transfer in a refrigerating system that absorbs heat during evaporation from the region of low temperature and pressure, and releases heat during condensation at a region of higher temperature and pressure. Refrigerant is the media fluid used for heat transfer in a refrigerating system that absorbs heat during evaporation from the region of low temperature and pressure, and releases heat during condensation at a region of higher temperature and. Haynes physical and chemical properties division national institute of standards and technology 325 broadway boulder, colorado 80303 november 1996 prepared for the airconditioning and refrigeration technology institute under arti mclr project number. Retrofitting r407f can be used to retrofit existing r22 and r404a systems in positive displacement, direct. A nonazeotropic refrigerant composition as claimed in claim 3comprising from 2 to 10% by weight co.
Thermal conductivities of refrigerants were measured at. The chemical name of refrigerant r12 is dichlorodifluoromethane and its chemical formula is ccl2f2. Transport properties of refrigerants r32, r125, r4a, and. A similar comparison of mixture models reported by annex 18 facilitated the dissemination and adoption of a new mixture modelling approach. R125 is a nonozone depleting replacement for halon 1. No chlorine content, no ozone depletion potential, odp 0. They have only about 10% of the ozone depleting potential. Energy saving refrigerant blends comprising r125, r4a. Energy saving refrigerant blends comprising r125, r4a, r600. Although it has zero ozone depletion potential, it has high global warming potential, reported by the united states environmental protection agency epa as 3450 times that of carbon dioxide pentafluoroethane in a near zeotropic mixture with difluoromethane is known as r410a, a common replacement for various chlorofluorocarbons. New refrigerants for vapour compression refrigeration.
T1 local composition modelling of the thermodynamic properties of refrigerant and oil mixtures. A 340sus polyolester poe oil was used for the r4a testing because this lubricant is being integrated into industry for use with this refrigerant. Cycle performance study on r32r125r161 as an alternative. Rs45 r434a pdf, refrigerant solutions limited, 2001 1001, archived from. For example, hcfc22 is an acceptable substitute for r502 in industrial process refrigeration. Refrigerants physical properties engineering toolbox. The uncertainty of the experimental data is estimated to be within 23 %. Thermophysical properties of binary mixtures of r125. Refrigerant compositions are provided which include. R4a is also known as tetrafluoroethane cf3ch2f from the family of hfc refrigerant.
Thermal conductivities of pure r32, r125 and r4a as a function of the density along isotherms. It has long been used in a variety of airconditioning and refrigeration applications in a variety of markets. It has long been used in a variety of airconditioning and refrigeration applications in a variety of. R32 is a next generation refrigerant that efficiently carries heat and has lower environmental impact.
Energy performance assessment of r32r125r600a mixtures as. This model is based on helmholtz energies for each of the mixture components, and it is the approach used in the nist refprop refrigerant property database lemmon et al. Refrigerant gas r32 physical properties molecular formula ch 2 f 2 molecular weight 52. Forane r 125 pentafluoroethane hfc125 weel twa exposure limit 4900 mgm3 ppm value airborne exposure guidelines for ingredients only those components with exposure limits are printed in this section. Select one r11 r12 r123 r1234yf r124 r125 r4a r22 r23 r245fa r32 r401a r401b r402a r402b r404a r407a r407c r407f r408a r409a r410a r414b r416a r417a r421a r422a r422b r422c r422d r424a r426a r427a r428a r434a r438a r448a r449a r450a r500 r502 r507 r508b. Refrigerant is the fluid used for heat transfer in a refrigerating system that absorbs heat during evaporation from the region of low temperature and pressure, and releases heat during condensation at a region of higher temperature and pressure. Hcfc refers to the chemical composition of the refrigerant. Performance of mixture refrigerant r152ar125r32 in.
R404a in existing systems with regards to their thermal properties, requirements. Refrigerants in refrigeration and air conditioning by ankit saxena 2. In this paper, a new ternary nonazeotropic mixture of hfc161125143a 0. A nonazeotropic refrigerant composition as claimed in claim 1 whichadditionally comprises at least one hydrocarbon. Thermal conductivity of refrigerants r123, r4a, and r125 at. Genetron performaxtm lt, r407f thermodynamic properties. Hence, new refrigerant mixture can be used as drop in substitute in existing r22 systems. Using a transient coaxial cylinder technique, thermal conductivities were measured for liquid 1,1,1trifluoro2,2dichloroethane refrigerant r123, 1,1,1,2tetrafluoroethane refrigerant r4a. R32, nextgeneration refrigerant benefits of daikin. The refrigerants are numbered with an r, followed by the hfcnumber, given by the rules of the fluorocarbons numbering system. This international standard is applicable to the refrigerants r12, r22, r32, r123, r125, r4a, r143a, r152a, r717 ammonia, and r744 carbon dioxide and to the refrigerant blends r404a, r407c, r410a, and r507a. Treatment of overexposure should be directed at the control of symptoms and the clinical conditions. Local composition modelling of the thermodynamic properties. The following is a list of refrigerants with their typeprefix, ashrae designated numbers, iupac chemical name, molecular formula, cas registry number blend name, atmospheric lifetime in years, semiempirical ozone depletion potential, net global warming potential over a 100year time horizon, occupational exposure limitpermissible exposure.
The cop of the mixture was found to be lower than that of r22 by about 1620% at all condenser and evaporator temperatures. This articles describes the properties, advantages, and disadvantages of refrigerant r12. Thermal conductivities of refrigerants were measured at temperatures ranging from. The results for a of a refrigerant mixture of r125 pentafluoroethane and r143a 1,1,1trifluoroethane measured in this way were used for the validation of a. Unfortunately it is the cfc and it has unusually high potential to cause the. Energy performance assessment of r32r125r600a mixtures. A computer code has been developed with nist refprop 7. With the discovery of the damaging effect of cfcs and hcfcs refrigerants to the ozone layer, the hfc family of refrigerant has been widely used as their replacement. R417atetrafluoroethane pentafluoroethane buthan miscibility with existing frozen oil, suitable for typical r22. Energy saving refrigerant blends comprising r125, r4a, r600 or r600a neil a roberts1, owen r chambers2 1rhodia organique fine ltd, development laboratory avonmouth, bristol, uk. Hfc 434amixed refrigerant r434a chemical composition. Chemical refrigerants are assigned an r number which is determined systematically according. Pentafluoroethane is a refrigerant with the formula cf 3 chf 2.
It is nontoxic, with zero odp ozone depletion potential and very low gwp global warming potential. Chloromethane r40, present in this counterfeit r4a, is found to be incompatible with aluminum. Vaporliquid equilibria for r22, r4a, r125, and r32. Unfortunately it is the cfc and it has unusually high. The tables contained on this page list approved refrigerant numbers from ansiashrae 342019, designation and safety classification of refrigerants, the latest edition of standard 34, which describes a shorthand way of naming refrigerants and assigns safety classifications based on toxicity and flammability data.
Thermal conductivity of refrigerants r123, r4a, and r125. For example, a blend of refrigerants r125, r143a and r4a are assigned the r404. Refrigerant r125 physical properties molecular formula chf2cf3 molecular weight 120. Pressure and temperature tables rs series pressuretemperature charts indicate both liquid bubble point and vapour dew point of the rs series refrigerant. This work reports a ternary blend r152a r125 r32 with a mass ratio of 481834 as a potential alternative to r22. Review and quiz 5 r12 from miracle to menace when cfc12, or r12 also referred to by its brand name, freon made its debut in 1930, the industry hailed it as a miracle chemical. Geographically, this report is segmented into several key regions, with production, consumption, revenue. Jun 08, 20 hcfc refers to the chemical composition of the refrigerant. It has high global warming potential, reported by the united states environmental protection agency epa as 3450 times that of carbon dioxide. R1270 care 45 propylene r1270, also known as care 45, is refrigerant grade propylene propene, a natural, or not in kind, refrigerant suitable for use in low and medium temperature refrigeration applications. The liquid thermal conductivity of r32 chsub 2fsub 2 and r4a cfsub 3chsub 2f was measured in the range from 223 to 323 k and from 2 to 20 mpa by the transient hotwire method.
Compositions of refrigerant blends significant new. Designation and safety classification of refrigerants. This paper deals with a thermodynamic analysis of a vapor compression refrigeration system with the new refrigerant r125r600a blends, parameters and factors affecting the performance are investigated, and also a comparison with that of r22 is presented. Other companies are charging thousands of dollars to set up accounts and give you access to their msds online database. Refrigerant r12 or freon 12 is said to be the most widely used of all the refrigerants being used for different applications. Thermal conductivity of r32 and its mixture with r4a. Tests were conducted with refrigerant r4a and triangularpitch tube bundles made from enhancedcondensation, enhancedboiling, lowfinned, and plainsurface tubes. In situations where vapour is normally charged into a system, a valve should be installed in the charging line to flash the liquid to vapour while charging. R125 refrigerant is a gaseous fire suppression agent which can be used in clean agent fire suppression systems.
It can be seen from the figure that the vapor pressure curve of pure refrigerants r152a and r125 meet the selection requirement referred above. R125 refrigerant lorless gas under ordinary temperatures 2. Skin contact limits designated with a y above have skin contact effect. Although there are various types of refrigerants, r32 is a new refrigerant currently receiving the. They are energyefficient, lowintoxicity, cost effective and can be used safely. Although it has zero ozone depletion potential, it has high global warming potential, reported by the united states environmental protection agency epa as 3450 times that of carbon dioxide pentafluoroethane in a near zeotropic mixture with difluoromethane is known as r410a, a common replacement. This is the temperature which the liquid refrigerant will begin to vaporize at the given pressure. These devices began using 1,1,1,2tetrafluoroethane in the early 1990s as a replacement for the more environmentally harmful r12 and retrofit kits are available to convert units that were originally r12equipped. Hydrochlorofluorocarbon indicates that the refrigerant is comprised of hydrogen, chlorine, fluorine, and carbon. Index unit hfc125 chemical formula chf2cf3 molecular weight gmol 120.
Composition of refrigerant blends, us epa, retrieved 20111218. The ozone depletion potential odp of the new refrigerant is zero and its basic thermodynamic properties are similar to those of r404a, but its global warming potential gwp is much. Thermodynamic analysis of refrigeration cycle performance. Pt chart selection refrigeration supplies distributor. They have only about 10% of the ozone depleting potential as cfcs.